UNCORRECTED TRANSCRIPT OF ORAL EVIDENCE To be published as HC 58-ii

House of COMMONS

MINUTES OF EVIDENCE

TAKEN BEFORE

WELSH AFFAIRS COMMITTEE

 

 

The provision of cross-border public services for Wales

 

 

Tuesday 24 February 2009

MR PAUL KEHOE, MR JOHN MORRIS and MR NEIL PAKEY

Evidence heard in Public Questions 1584 - 1636

 

 

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Oral Evidence

Taken before the Welsh Affairs Committee

on Tuesday 24 February 2009

Members present

Dr Hywel Francis, in the Chair

Mrs Siān C James

Mr David Jones

Albert Owen

Mark Pritchard

Hywel Williams

________________

Memoranda submitted by Birmingham International Airport

and Liverpool John Lennon Airport

 

Examination of Witnesses

Witnesses: Mr Paul Kehoe, Chief Executive, Mr John Morris, Head of Corporate Affairs, Birmingham International Airport, and Mr Neil Pakey, Deputy CEO, Liverpool John Lennon Airport, gave evidence.

Q1584 Chairman: Could I welcome you to the Welsh Affairs Committee and could I ask you to, for the record, introduce yourselves, please?

Mr Kehoe: I am Paul Kehoe, the Chief Executive of Birmingham International Airport.

Mr Morris: I am John Morris, Head of Corporate Affairs at Birmingham International Airport.

Q1585 Chairman: By way of introduction, could I ask you how you got here this morning?

Mr Kehoe: I came down by train last night from Birmingham and stayed in town.

Q1586 Chairman: Very sensible.

Mr Kehoe: Because I recognised how important this meeting was, to be here on time. I am actually a very good friend of Neil's.

Q1587 Chairman: It was obviously a very wise decision. A witness will be coming shortly and I will be asking him that question as well. Why do Welsh people use your airport?

Mr Kehoe: Not enough Welsh people use our airport is the important statement to make. Of the 9.6 million people who fly through Birmingham International about 125,000 come from Wales; I think the reason for that is that you have that distribution of population, the scenic bit at the top in North Wales where the passengers can go to Liverpool and Manchester, the industrial bit in the South from which they can use Cardiff and Bristol Airports. The bit that we truly serve is that central portion of Wales - Aberystwyth, Builth Wells, Welshpool and the like - very rural, and that is where the 127,000 or so passengers come from.

Q1588 Chairman: I was struck by the statistics which you provided us with, and I thank you for that, showing very high numbers of people coming from Ceredigion and a remarkably low number from my part of the world, Neath and Port Talbot, hardly anyone. Is that a marketing problem?

Mr Kehoe: These statistics come from the Civil Aviation Authority and obviously they sample survey, so perhaps on the days that they were surveying there were not many from Port Talbot. The key is that there is an excellent East-West link there, the M4, and if you are going anywhere you are going to go past Cardiff Airport, so that is your first port of call and then perhaps on to Bristol and equally the draw of Heathrow, which will actually take lots of people out of South Wales down the M4.

Chairman: Thank you. Mr Mark Pritchard.

Q1589 Mark Pritchard: Do you think that increasing your transatlantic routes - for example, US Airways which is flying to Philadelphia from May from Birmingham - is actually going to increase the number of passengers from other parts of Wales?

Mr Kehoe: It may do. What I have not got today for you, though I am sure we could try and find it though it might be somewhat more difficult because the information would be with the airline, is the number of Welsh passengers on the Continental service which has been running for a number of years. Clearly, it is a very brave statement of intent by US Airways to set up in the current environment a new transatlantic service and it is very early days for us to actually understand how successful that will be - we hope it is - but actually having international premier service routes, with full service airlines, is what most airports would love to have. It certainly puts you on the map and can, when you have those routes, start to generate traffic. Again, I still think our target market, because of the ground infrastructure links, will be the Aberystwyth-Birmingham corridor that will see lots of traffic, because you have opportunities at Manchester for North Wales and at Bristol for South Wales in terms of those transcontinental and US services.

Q1590 Chairman: Could I just interrupt for one moment. Could I ask the witness who has just arrived to introduce himself for the record, please?

Mr Pakey: Neil Pakey, Deputy CEO of the Peel Airports Group, which looks after Liverpool John Lennon Airport. My apologies for being late.

Chairman: Thank you. Mr Pritchard.

Q1591 Mark Pritchard: Your job description when you applied for the job of chief executive at Birmingham said that they expect the new chief executive "deliver business transformation and increase passenger numbers". That is from nine million in 2007 or 9.5 million last year, to more than 18 million by 2017. Do you think those numbers can be delivered with a single runway, whether extended or not?

Mr Kehoe: Yes. However, if I may just qualify that job description was written prior to Northern Rock and prior to the current recession and what we are seeing in the UK as a whole is a decline in traffic. If you look at the stats for the last three months from the Civil Aviation Authority website, the trend is down as minus 10% - Manchester is down 10%, Gatwick is down 10%, Birmingham is flat at the moment, but there is only one reason why Birmingham is flat and that is the arrival of Ryanair who came in last summer and actually has stabilised our traffic, so we are zero at the moment, zero growth. Whilst I may be able to transform it there are many other things that need to be transformed at Birmingham first which are the organisation, the way we do things, the way we market ourselves, the way we process our passengers. We are an unusual airport in having two terminals; for an airport of our size we really should have one and that is something that we will be looking at in terms of the transformation process. In terms of our business plan and 2017 we are going to be ambitious and say 18 million by 2020 now, all things being equal, and the start of the growth will occur in 2011/2012.

Q1592 Mark Pritchard: But is it not the case that you cannot take off and land aircraft on the same runway at the same time - it is logical, it is not safe to do so - and therefore even extending it to 2020 to get the passenger numbers that are within the business plan do you think having a single runway can deliver that on time?

Mr Kehoe: Absolutely, and the reason I am confident of that is that we have a model in the UK, it is called Gatwick. Gatwick has had, off its single runway of 3000 metres or so, movement rates of between 45 and 50 movements an hour at peak. We are currently doing about 30 movements an hour so there is almost double in terms of our capacity at peak, and the challenge for us is not just to have traffic at peak but to start moving traffic throughout the day and fill the gaps in our programme. There are slots and peaks throughout the day and there are gaps in the programme when we are down to five to seven movements an hour when we clearly could put more traffic through.

Q1593 Mark Pritchard: So the people of Wrexham, let us say, and the quiet hills of Shropshire should not expect their lives to be disrupted by an increased in lower traffic movements as a result of a future application for a second runway, because you are saying as chief executive in your time you would not apply for a second runway at Birmingham.

Mr Kehoe: It is going to very difficult in the current environmental climate. The White Paper was very clear, it said Birmingham should have a second runway. We have looked at that in terms of the analysis we have done and in terms of the traffic loading by 2030 there is no requirement for a second runway. What I cannot predict at the moment is the impact of the European Emissions Trading Scheme and the other environmental controls that will be in place at that time which will put controls on aviation, so it is prudent of us to continue our plans based on the single runway approach. The reason that we are seeking that longer runway is to give Birmingham that flexibility, that opportunity to fly to more distant places; currently we are limited to a range of about 4500 miles from our existing operation.

Q1594 Mark Pritchard: The final question in this section, if I may. If you are successful I
would be interested in your latest comments or the view you have on extending the runway. Do you think that in order to increase the safety and security of people on the ground, people living nearby, that Birmingham should install an engineered materials arresting system at the end of the runway to prevent loss of life in the event of an overrun on that new runway?

Mr Kehoe: That is a very good question. I am not sure of the efficacy of the arresting systems; however, what I can tell you is that the new scheme that we will have in place - and Solihull District Council are minded to approve the planning application subject to section 106 conditions - will have full CAA and international civil aviation organisation runway-end safety areas of 240 metres, which is the design standard. We have not got that today and we are building that into our plan.

Mark Pritchard: Thank you.

Chairman: Mr Hywel Williams with a brief supplementary and then Mr Albert Owen.

Q1595 Hywel Williams: How big could the market in Mid Wales be if you have 125,000? That is less than 2% of your current trade so are you reaching out to people, because our concern of course is to improve transport facilities for people within Wales. How many and are you reaching out to them?

Mr Kehoe: This is an important point. The airport can do some, but we need to work with other agencies, and to give you an example of how we need to be joined up we are delighted to see increased rail services with Arriva Trains Wales coming into Birmingham International Station; there are seven services a day to Aberystwyth and seven to Holyhead, plus the Virgin operation that goes through that airport. But some of those trains do not arrive until after our first flights have gone, so the opportunity for Welsh passengers to actually get to the airport is poor, so they have to drive. Of course the ground infrastructure is such that until you get to Shrewsbury and the bypass around Shrewsbury, the dual carriageway there and the M54, you are literally on country roads. The issue is how can we improve the connectivity of those rural communities and it is a tough one to call. I personally do not think we would compete against Manchester and Liverpool who provide excellent services to that North Wales community and indeed the two southern airports of Cardiff and Bristol equally doing well for the South Wales community. It is a very rural community that we are looking at and, as you say, it is less than 2%. We are picking up passengers, however, we are supporting cross-border initiatives where we can, but again there are limited marketing funds that we have to do that.

Q1596 Albert Owen: Just on the improved rail facilities that you are talking about within Wales, it is probably too early to tell whether there has been an increase for yourselves, is that right?

Mr Kehoe: Can I ask John to answer that as he is the rail expert?

Q1597 Albert Owen: They came in in December of 2008. Just on that point, there were extra services you said, but one major one was cut from Holyhead, being the boat traffic. Was there any boat traffic that you were picking up from Ireland?

Mr Morris: To answer the first question we have our modal share target which is the total number of people coming by public transport and we have an objective of that to be 25% of people coming by public transport by the year 2012. Last year was our highest total ever and in the full year we got to 23.4% so I think there is generally a shift towards public transport which is a result of better timetabling, greater awareness through our efforts through our website, through the rail company and through the coach and bus companies. There is a shift that is happening but we can do better, particularly when we start looking at franchise processes in the future; it is about bearing in mind that people need to be in a certain place at a certain time. Since 1995 the airport has spent over £50 million on surface access so we genuinely think that we have played a large part in it; what we are now inviting is others to be part of that.

Q1598 Albert Owen: Did you have an input in the new timetable when it was drafted?

Mr Morris: We were consulted into the franchises by the Department for Transport. There was a consultation and we made our views known but they were not necessarily all taken up.

Q1599 Albert Owen: Before I go on to freight you have a list here of where you have identified Welsh passengers coming from, and I know it is only 2%, some 125,000. There is none here from Anglesey - I presume you think Anglesey comes under Caernarvon and Merionedd - but I know a lot do travel from my constituency. You have not identified them here.

Mr Kehoe: These are, as I say, surveys and when asked for their address the information that we get back from passengers ---

Q1600 Albert Owen: There is not even the historic Gwynedd so I was just a bit confused because there are direct links from my constituency to Birmingham.

Mr Kehoe: Yes. As you quite rightly say we have grouped it together, it is part of the 18,800 that are from Anglesey, Gwynedd and Conway.

Q1601 Albert Owen: Thank you. If I can move on to freight, we have been told that it only accounts for 1% of UK exports in terms of tonnage but 30% of the value of British exports. How much airfreight originating from Wales does your airport handle?

Mr Kehoe: Very little, in fact we are not seen as a freight airport and most of the freight that goes out of the UK goes through Heathrow or indeed East Midlands and possibly Stansted, so there are some key freight airports. Neil may have more in his airport operations but because of our night restrictions there is not really a market for freight and what freight we do have would be in the belly hold of the passenger aeroplanes that are flying to Dubai and to New York. The question was asked before about intercontinental services: the more that we can get of those the greater the marketing opportunity to put freight into passenger aeroplanes, but it is de minimis at the moment.

Q1602 Albert Owen: Most of that freight is travelling to the southern airports by road.

Mr Kehoe: Or East Midlands, yes.

Q1603 Albert Owen: Probably passing Birmingham.

Mr Kehoe: Absolutely, but we are not dedicated freighters.

Q1604 Albert Owen: Sure. What about Liverpool?

Mr Pakey: Similarly, most of the freight is sent down to Heathrow, some to East Midlands. We were actually a mail depot, a Royal Mail hub for North Wales and the North West of England and in fact the mail to Anglesey would have been coming through Liverpool, but Royal Mail decided that they would close the local hub down and now your mail is totally driven up from East Midlands. You may have noticed in the last couple of years slightly later delivery times in the morning and that would be the main reason why that is the case. One day we will hopefully get the mail back and be a mail depot again.

Q1605 Albert Owen: A serious point to both of you is that if it is a high percentage of British exports is it not a market that you should be encouraged to market for?

Mr Kehoe: Clearly in terms of the priorities we are very clear that our focus is passengers and if we can get passenger flights to come in and they can put freight in the belly hold that is great. I do not want to go and market for freight typically because it occurs at night and we have night restrictions. In terms of planning applications we are trying to bring forward we have put significant constraints on our night-time operations. There are airports which are capable of doing night-time operations, like East Midlands, where in fact the activity probably at night is greater than that during the day.

Mr Pakey: We have less restrictions at night at Liverpool and with the airport company being owned by the same company that owns the Mersey Docks and Harbour Company we have developed a concept called "super port" and there are clearly some very long term plans and ambitions in terms of targeting markets like China et cetera into the Mersey area with the port and airport working together. With the present downturn the freight market has in fact been hit worse than the passenger market in percentage terms, but we hope that it will come back.

Q1606 Albert Owen: Sticking with Liverpool if I may, the number of Welsh passengers flying from Liverpool Airport has increased over the past decade according to your paper. Do you expect this trend to continue, notwithstanding the downturn?

Mr Pakey: I expect it to increase because we have gone from 4% where we were in 1999, which was about 52,000 people out of a 1.3 million total, and now we are at 5.5% which is nearly 300,000 of 5.5 million people, so both our passenger numbers and the percentage coming from Wales are continuing to grow. When you look at the transport opportunities both by road with the introduction of the second Mersey crossing, which will be at public inquiry in 2009, and the much cheaper Halton Chord scheme, which is the rail scheme from Chester around to the airport, that scheme again would generate more public transport. I honestly think we have been scratching the surface when it comes to the marketing and working with the North Wales community and we actually are quite excited at the prospect. Those numbers now are without trying, in other words, and we think we can really try harder and get a much closer affinity. The people of Liverpool seem to like Wales and vice versa so there is a cultural affinity there that we have not capitalised on.

Q1607 Hywel Williams: Can I ask you about Liverpool Airport, do you see yourself in competition with Manchester Airport therefore for North Wales passengers or are you serving different sectors of the market?

Mr Pakey: The whole issue of airport competition has widened so much since the European Commission liberalised the aviation airways in Europe so now when we talk about competition from an airport perspective things are different. We just lost actually a Ryanair aircraft and that aircraft is turning up in Italy, so whilst they are celebrating 50 new jobs out in Italy we are commiserating over 50 lost jobs in Merseyside. Such is the extent of the airport competition that you are actually trying to target the airlines to put their assets in your airport. When it comes to the passengers though, obviously the passengers have a choice as well as the airlines have a choice, so it is working at two levels really and, for the passengers, when it comes to people in the whole of the North West and the North Wales catchment area, yes we are in competition and that is why, perhaps, we have to be even cleverer when it comes to our marketing affinities with North Wales.

Q1608 Hywel Williams: I was just reflecting on my own pattern of travel: when I have been flying internationally I have tended to go from Manchester. You used to have a VLM service to London City which seems to have migrated to Manchester as well.

Mr Pakey: I was on it this morning but there was fog at London City - I do apologise - and I did think that maybe Manchester Airport knew I was on board because they kept the plane on the ground for two hours with me sitting in it. Some of our issues are about awareness and making people realise that we have got some 60 plus destinations of our own now, and the new announcement that KLM are flying into Liverpool three times a day gives us a totally new market and one actually that is in competition with Manchester because now you will be able to get from anywhere in the world to Liverpool and through Liverpool to North Wales. Previously we have been purely focused on easyJet and Ryanair, both with seven or eight aircraft each based at the airport, but now with KLM coming on stream it is bringing in a whole new market and one that would be in competition with Manchester.

Q1609 Hywel Williams: The focus of this inquiry is travelling from Wales over the border in order to access services and the current access to Liverpool tends to be by car. Is there any prospect at all of improving the rail links so that you could be more accessible?

Mr Pakey: Yes, indeed and that is something again that we feel is a real priority going forward. When we started out with half a million passengers there was not even a bus service from Liverpool so our public transport was 0% and somehow, through buses largely, we have gone up to 14%/15% public transport usage, so we realise that with better public transport coming in that figure will increase and so will the penetration. The bigger scheme that we have been working with Cheshire on is the Halton Curve or, as it is now called, the Halton Chord which is rail access coming from Chester around to the airport, so instead of having to go from the airport into Liverpool city centre to come back out to North Wales, that will actually be a much better prospect. We are working hard to try and get that scheme recognised and prioritised and we would very much welcome the North Wales community to get more behind it. Similarly, for the buses, the second Mersey crossing which is a few years later down the line will be important from the bus perspective. About two or three years ago they introduced the Liverpool South Parkway which is a big interchange, similar a little bit to Luton, if you know that one, which is about a mile and a half from the airport and there are regular shuttle buses to the South Parkway. That again opens up a wider catchment area for us but as I say the big scheme, the Halton Chord rail scheme, is very important for us in terms of increasing the number of visitors we are getting through the airport and going to North Wales.

Q1610 Hywel Williams: Can I just ask in terms of new rail and coach services to the airport is that a commercial proposition or does it need public funding?

Mr Pakey: It is an interesting one. We have a very good relationship with Merseytravel so the vast majority of our bus services are with Merseytravel for Merseyside and the moment you cross the public transport boundary into an area outside Merseyside you cannot get the interest, apart for the one exception where you have Arriva running commercial bus services to Manchester city centre and Terravision is another bus company that runs services to Manchester as well. We are crying out for a bus service to Chester which would then link in to bus operations from Chester. We did have discussions with a smaller bus company in Chester who had a network all planned for going across North Wales; it is that sort of commercial tie-up that would be very advantageous to everybody.

Q1611 Hywel Williams: Where did you get to with that?

Mr Pakey: Unfortunately it fell down. We were looking for some public support behind it and we tried; the Government had a scheme - I cannot remember the name of it - something about getting buses to airports, Kickstart scheme or something. That did not work. We tried to talk to Merseytravel but they would not look beyond Merseyside and every other public transport authority would not look beyond their region and this was a cross-regional bus service so it did not start. The chap from the bus company in Chester - I think they were called Busy Bee - was a little upset that he could not get it going because it was really his initiative, he had seen the opportunity. We will bounce back and revisit that whenever we can; hopefully with a bit more public support and realising that cross-regional services are very important.

Q1612 Mr Jones: Mr Pakey, like Mr Hywel Williams I used to use the VLM service to London and I was very disappointed when it disappeared. Why is it that you have got no commuter service to London any more; is that not a big gap in the services you provide from Liverpool?

Mr Pakey: It certainly is, and I have another airport up in Durham, which I know is not relevant for today, but Durham has just lost its British Midland Heathrow services so we are swimming against the tide in being able to maintain our UK domestic air services. One of the reasons it has to be said is the aviation passenger duty; when VLM were operating from Liverpool it was very marginal, it was just profitable enough that they were going to keep it going; they were very happy and content that with DLR coming on stream it would come through and then leading up to the Olympics it would all be a very good story. But when aviation duty effectively doubled it killed it. That is where we are and we are swimming against the tide trying to get operators interested in Durham to London and Liverpool to London, but UK domestic air services are paying double the tax that the international air services pay, so it is a big issue.

Q1613 Mr Jones: The tax regime is now seen as a real impediment to expanding services.

Mr Pakey: Indeed it is, internationally as well. I mentioned earlier on that Ryanair has gone to Italy; Michael O'Leary will not lose an opportunity to create a story and he used it as an opportunity to criticise the UK's tax regime. I have empathy with that because it is affecting our business too. The aircraft go into Italy, they do not have any aviation duty tax in Italy or APT or whatever it is called, they do not have it in Germany and they do not have it in Spain. Those are our competitors and we are actually losing out. It is just one of those things that we have to contend with - Paul will be the same - but we look forward to the European Emissions Trading Scheme because APT was introduced as an environmental tax in the public statements so perhaps the Emissions Trading Scheme will at least create a level playing field with the rest of Europe so that Italy will have the same tax on aviation and emissions that we have and we will then have the level playing field that we actually need.

Q1614 Mr Jones: I see that your transatlantic services were discontinued as well. Was that for the same reason or were there other reasons for that?

Mr Pakey: That was part of the reason. With the transatlantic service I have to say the airline brought the problems on themselves - this was Fly Globespan - and they leased an aircraft from Iceland Air but the aircraft from Iceland Air proved to be less than reliable - in fact it was shockingly bad in terms of the number of delays. It was an interesting one because the Mersey media soon turned on it, the public spoke through the media criticising the operation - not the fact that they had the flight but the operation - and that then had an impact on the bookings so that it went in a bit of a downward spiral. Looking ahead and looking to the time where we are coming out of recession the US market is clearly one that Liverpool can attract, particularly having achieved the KLM services recently.

Mr Jones: Thank you.

Q1615 Mark Pritchard: Mr Kehoe, you mentioned earlier on about getting the product right, not just about the infrastructure of the airport but service standards et cetera. I am sure you must get frustrated, as all chief executives of airports do, by anecdotes about poor service, am I right?

Mr Kehoe: It goes with the responsibility. It does not exercise the mailbag too much but, yes, from time to time.

Q1616 Mark Pritchard: Rather than give you an anecdote can I give you a precise experience that I want to pass on to you on behalf of Welsh passengers and indeed English passengers as well. At 8.30 am on 17 September last year I was flying out of Birmingham and there was a huge queue, just one security terminal open - the luggage security terminal - I just happened to speak to one of the staff and I said, you know, "Why, at 8.30 in the morning, peak time, people leaving, you have this massive queue giving a bad experience for business passengers and a bad experience for leisure passengers, all important for your business." The person told me "We have 17 people off sick, we have only got 12 staff on", although I do not see why six could not be on one or the other - perhaps you could inform me of that. It does seem that on several occasions when I have flown out of Birmingham the passenger experience at the security terminals has been particularly poor, people getting very frustrated, especially those with young children. I just wondered what are you going to do to improve that situation?

Mr Kehoe: I apologise if you did have such a bad experience. It is unusual at that time, at 8.30, because the peak actually is before what we call slot one and slot one is the reason why Welsh passengers cannot get a train to the airport because they leave between 6.30 and 7.30 and therefore the peak queues come before that; there is actually a gap in the programme before the next, slot two, comes in later in the day, so it is unusual for that to be the case. I do not know what terminal you went out of but if it was Terminal 1 there are six lanes there and they should be manned according to the passenger flows. There is no doubt that there has been an issue with staff sickness, but it is not 17 people it is 17% of staff have been sick and that is something that I am looking into. I have actually only been in post since November and one of the things we have set out to do is to review just about everything that we do at the airport. The 17% staff sickness is very worrying, and I need to get to the bottom of that, but actually it is a very tough job and these people have to get very close to the general public day in and day out for eight or nine hour shifts; they have to physically interfere with members of the public, which is a horrible experience for both passenger and indeed for the operative. That may be why there is high sickness, I do not know, but there is no excuse for poor service, there is no excuse for not informing you properly as a passenger, you have that right to know, and my experience is that when passengers are informed appropriately and with courtesy they take that as thank you very much, hope it does not happen again. I notice this is not the first time it has happened to you ---

Q1617 Mark Pritchard: Can I just say this is not an opportunity to reflect my personal anxieties about the airport, what I am reflecting also are blog sites. Can I urge you, if you do not already, to read some of the blog sites about the Birmingham experience. Some of it is very complimentary and I find the parking very good, as a lot of people do on the blog sites, but if you could look into that and it is interesting that you have mentioned about the 17%. If I may, given that time is pressing, raise two quick points, one on strategy and one on the railways. On strategy, given that there are no direct flights (unless I am wrong) from Birmingham to London any more and indeed less and less from other regional airports, so that people travelling internationally will perhaps go to Schipol and then fly on to an international destination, or even sometimes go to Schipol or Frankfurt and then fly back over Britain to go to the United States, what strategic partnerships and alliances (if any) are you considering to attract more people into Birmingham, to use those other routes rather than people from the West Midlands and from Wales travelling down to London?

Mr Kehoe: That is the key focus that I will be looking at in terms of our marketing. I am staggered, having come into this airport actually from Bristol Airport in November, that we only capture 36% of our one hour catchment. Manchester, for example, captures about 90% of its catchment, we capture 36%, so the challenge for us is to get local people in that one hour catchment to fly from their local airport and we need to understand that. It is about providing routes, you are absolutely right. For example, 250,000 people a year fly from our catchment to Madrid, and you would think that Birmingham to Madrid would be an ideal service, yet we have not got that today. We fly to other places which I cannot even pronounce and I do not know where they are, yet we manage to get 40% or 50% of inbound passengers from Ryanair traffic coming from places in Poland. It is a real issue for us. Birmingham lost its air link with Heathrow in the 1960s or 1970s and the fundamental issue is proximity to London. It even applies to Liverpool and Manchester actually; you should really be flying the train. It is that close that you can get on the train and get to those airports. The fundamental problem with Heathrow of course is that you have to go into Paddington effectively to catch the Heathrow Express and what we really need, and we should have thought about 30 or 40 years ago, is a direct rail service, which is why we are actually supporting High Speed Two to get connectivity back into Birmingham. We believe that flying the train on those local journeys will actually improve the connectivity for our own catchment and that will bring the passengers in as well.

Q1618 Mark Pritchard: I am glad you mentioned railways. You will be aware of the direct rail service from Wrexham through Shropshire and into London which goes through my constituency. At the moment that train does not stop at Birmingham International. Would you like to see it stop there; secondly, why do you think it does not stop there; thirdly, do you think that Virgin perhaps with WSMR stopping at your airport?

Mr Kehoe: I do not know the detail, but John will answer that. But I do think it is bizarre and I do know that the train actually stops physically at the station but the doors do not open. I do not understand that, but John is our rail expert.

Mr Morris: My understanding - and it is just my understanding - is that it is to with some moderation of competition rules that were put in place at privatisation. It seems to us to be a little bit curious that you have a train that sits in the station for regulation purposes but people cannot be let on and off it and I think when you have got such a scarce resource, such as that route between Birmingham and Coventry where they are already trying to squeeze a quart into a pint pot, it seems very, very curious that the companies cannot get together and say this is for the greater good of moving passengers around.

Q1619 Mark Pritchard: Mr Morris, also, briefly, Virgin yesterday announced that they are looking to take two direct rail trains from Shrewsbury at least where Welsh passengers can clearly travel into London. This is a new announcement; is that something that you welcome and would you like to see them - I imagine you would - stop at Birmingham International? Would there be a conflict of interest notwithstanding your earlier comments regarding your desire, whether it be currently bizarre or curious, to stop at Birmingham International?

Mr Morris: From our point of view anything that improves accessibility to Birmingham International has got to be a good thing. It is about scarce infrastructure and we ought to use that infrastructure in the best possible way, so it is certainly to be welcomed - the more services the merrier as far as I am concerned because it helps to get people in and it helps to achieve our modal share targets.

Q1620 Mark Pritchard: My final question, the Welsh language is very important to Welsh people; what provision do you currently provide for your over 100,000 Welsh passengers and wanting to increase more as far as bilingual services are concerned?

Mr Kehoe: We provide no Welsh services whatsoever and I think that is a function in that we do have some other ethnic minorities that are in a greater proportion than the Welsh consumers so if there was a pecking order of signage, for example, we may be looking at some Middle Eastern and Indian languages before we actually looked at Welsh.

Q1621 Mark Pritchard: Notwithstanding my own comments, Welsh is of course a language of the United Kingdom; with regard to the other languages you referred to this is the United Kingdom and the Government currently have said that they want to see local authorities reduce translation and interpretation costs. Do you think, given the concern that was expressed on the Wales/Shropshire borders a couple of years ago about some road signs being bilingual - Polish and English - that in fact you may be going in the wrong direction of both public opinion and Government opinion and people need to speak English as much as possible?

Mr Kehoe: It is horses for courses. What we will do is come up with the most pragmatic solutions for the passengers who fly through the airport. At the moment it is only 100,000; if it were greater than that, in the millions, then clearly we would look at our position again and have the most appropriate signage. This comes back to your point about the passenger experience - and I am a consumer as well of passenger experience - and the biggest thing that frustrates me as a consumer is signage and my inability to read it quickly and to be processed quickly. If we make it more confusing it just adds to that airport experience, which I think has deteriorated for consumers over the last 20 years because of the assault course that we have put in the way for passengers. They just do not enjoy the experience, whereas it used to be a very glamorous thing to do.

Mark Pritchard: Thank you.

Q1622 Mr Jones: Mr Pakey, you are aware I am sure of the limited service that operates between Anglesey and Cardiff. To what extent would you welcome or otherwise the expansion of Anglesey Airport or other regional airports in Wales?

Mr Pakey: We would never object to any other region or airport wanting to expand their services but I would question the viability of it seriously with the market, and I would also look at the map. I see Liverpool is almost in Wales so I do kind of feel there is maybe more that we could actually be doing together to actually maximise big numbers coming in rather than the little niche services, but we would never stand in the way of a niche service. Yes, we would gladly get our roads signposted in Welsh to Wales and be a bit more imaginative in terms of how we approach the Welsh language.

Q1623 Mr Jones: Can you perhaps expand on the point that you made? You questioned the viability of expansion of Anglesey or other regional airports; could you expand on that, please?

Mr Pakey: I have very good experience at one or two of our airports. We run Doncaster and Sheffield, the former RAF Finningley airport which we bought from the military and have spent over £100 million on. If it was a short term profit-driven project it certainly would not have passed our commercial first base; it is very much a long term development and one that will not break even for several years to come. Airports are very capital-intensive, they do cost a lot of money to upkeep. We thought we were getting this brand new runway - the Ministry of Defence spent loads on it not too long ago but of course that was all to do with the lighting which had to be changed and made commercial and it was all to do with the drainage up the side of the runway. Then the airspace classification had to be changed and radars had to be bought, so in fact it becomes very, very capital-intensive. It is also very intensive on a cost basis - and I am sure Mr Kehoe would echo this - actually managing an airport on an operational basis: the local air traffic control, the local fire cover that you have to have, it is very, very cost-intensive and whether one or two flights a day can pay enough money to break even is very, very doubtful. That is where I was coming from with a little bit of scepticism about the size of the market.

Q1624 Mr Jones: Mr Kehoe, to what extent does Birmingham compete for passengers with Cardiff Airport?

Mr Kehoe: I believe it is at the margin. Although you can access the airport from the M5 and the M50 down to Abergavenny and the Valleys Cardiff actually has a very well-contained catchment of 2.1 million people so they are really servicing that East-West corridor. It is interesting though, with my Bristol hat on from a few months back, that people are prepared to pay a tax to fly out of Bristol, so they will drive across the bridge and they will pay their toll to fly from Bristol because of the destinations that are provided from that airport. Where our market is in Wales it really is the centre and if you talk to Neil and his colleagues at Liverpool and to Manchester, they will say they have got North Wales, Bristol and Cardiff have got South Wales and we are left with the important rural bit which goes all the way to Aberystwyth - some very beautiful parts as well but very few people. That is why our focus, in terms of where are we putting our efforts, may well on the borders and the English side to be absolutely blunt, Shropshire and Herefordshire, where we will pick up traffic. It is at the margins however in terms of our competition with Cardiff.

Q1625 Mr Jones: Presumably it all revolves around destinations at the end of the day; would you be inclined to bid for new destinations in order to compete more with other regional airports including Cardiff?

Mr Kehoe: We are in competition of course. The population of the UK is about 60 million but if you listen to airport MDs it is about 250 million because we all inflate our catchment areas to go and talk to airlines like Ryanair and easyJet and American Airlines, come and fly from our airport. Manchester and Heathrow - Heathrow gifted by the Government, but Manchester because of pure marketing and the clear vision of the city fathers of Manchester in the Fifties who said, "We are going to have an airport and we are going to invest in that airport". They have created an airport that is significantly larger than perhaps its catchment would suggest in competition with Liverpool. I think there is a lot you can do with marketing and it certainly will drive it up. We under-perform, there is no doubt about it. Birmingham with the population sitting around it should not be a nine million passenger airport today and if we could capture more of that one hour catchment and move from 36% to 50% we would have 12, 13, 14 million passengers, and there would be an economic benefit, not just to the West Midlands region but wider into rural Wales as well. That is where the benefit comes from attracting passengers, it is that economic benefit that airports bring.

Mr Jones: Thank you.

Q1626 Chairman: On that point, what is surprising in those statistics about different counties of Wales is how few people come from Monmouthshire to Birmingham yet it is so near them. Monmouthshire is right on your doorstep.

Mr Kehoe: This is the Abergavenny road that comes down from the M50 around Abergavenny and straight down the valley into Cardiff. Cardiff does a good job, there is no doubt about it, it is a good little airport and the only difference between Cardiff now and Cardiff a few years back is that it used to be a Welsh plc that owned it with a Welsh chairman and a Welsh chief executive, so the focus was most definitely on Cardiff. When the head office is now in Barcelona perhaps the focus is not the same.

Q1627 Mrs James: Both of your submissions mention working with Welsh authorities and agencies and I wanted to ask you what has been your experience of working with those partners, particularly when you are marketing the airport to Welsh passengers?

Mr Kehoe: I have to say mine has been very limited - even at Bristol it was very limited - and now what we have done is that with the West Midlands Regional Development Agency we are standing behind them in terms of the alliance they have created on the cross-border initiative with the Welsh Assembly. Literally the first meeting that we will be having with that organisation is on 2 April, so we are behind it but it is very limited in terms of that which we have done for Wales.

Q1628 Mrs James: Can you see where you possibly could fit into any initiatives, or have you any ideas?

Mr Kehoe: We are exploring that. I had a meeting with the chief executive of the Regional Assembly and she was of the view that there is something the airport can do and there is a small market. There is a small market and we can add value, but it is limited.

Q1629 Mrs James: Mr Pakey.

Mr Pakey: We enjoy a very good relationship with Tourism North Wales but it is a little frustrating, if I am honest with you, because every time we get some initiative that we are going to roll out together there is never any funding, they never seem to have any money. For example, they wanted to have North Wales Tourism representation in our airport, a desk with all the leaflets and all the products that North Wales has to offer, but they have not had enough resource for it. We are almost giving it to them for about £10,000 a year, which is way below the square footage value because we just want to work with them, but they have never managed to achieve the things. That is a frustration because they are really nice people and they know their stuff, but I get the sense, to be honest, that either North Wales Tourism is not getting a big enough pot or it is being channelled into other areas so that we do not get the chance to really work with North Wales to make the impact we want to have.

Q1630 Mrs James: You have touched on a very important thing there because you do not only have a role in getting people out of the country - off on their hols, business et cetera - but there are huge opportunities, particularly in the downturn, for bringing people in, business people and tourists, into Wales. Have you in Birmingham explored anything there?

Mr Kehoe: I have just written that down because I think it is the most important thing. I have just walked here down Victoria Street and there must have been 200 schoolchildren from Italy, from France and Germany, so it is a great time to come to the UK. My advice - and we are happy to do this - is you have like a circle around Wales: you go from Liverpool down through Birmingham, Bristol and Cardiff. I am sure airports would be willing to work with the Wales Tourist Board to create micro-websites - that is how we market to the world. How do you get somebody in Boise, Idaho or Des Moines, Iowa, into Wales? You have a perfect tool in the internet; you can create websites and you can actually use the technology to get these things up in front of the consumer's eye, and that is what is going to attract people in. The air links are there, the air links are at Liverpool, Manchester and Birmingham, Bristol and Cardiff. We can get people in. There is a great exchange rate at the moment for visitors and we should be maximising that. It does take time, but the internet is the thing that will transform us.

Q1631 Mr Jones: Mr Pakey, you said you have been dealing with North Wales Tourism which is actually a private company - declaring an interest, they are actually clients of mine. Have you had no dealings with what used to be the Wales Tourist Board but is now Visit Wales and is an arm of the Welsh Assembly Government?

Mr Pakey: Yes, indeed, sorry, I should have been more specific. We have dealt with them.

Q1632 Mr Jones: You have dealt with both organisations.

Mr Pakey: We have dealt with both, yes.

Q1633 Mr Jones: What has been the response of Visit Wales?

Mr Pakey: To be honest when I say "dealt with", we seem to meet once every six months, then we hit a wall somewhere and then we say "We will see you again in six months", so we have never really managed to achieve very much yet together. The relationship is there, I get invited over to their things in Wales and I go and speak to groups et cetera, but maybe we ought to be, between us, just cracking our heads that bit harder together to get something happening.

Q1634 Mr Jones: As I understand it you are quite willing to provide facilities at concessionary rates.

Mr Pakey: Facilities and contacts. Mr Kehoe here mentioned the internet but we have got the first link if you like with the airlines and they themselves have tremendous advertising and marketing potential, whether it is in-flight magazines, their own websites or in the destination or departure airports for the inbound traffic. There is masses that we can actually do together, and I am not saying that it is not being done, it is that maybe we have not quite got there yet. We probably need to up the priority listing a little bit to try and make it happen again, but I kept on feeling that this was taking us down to Cardiff, because every time you were feeling that you were not going to have anything to put into a pot that could be generated to create a return on investment it seemed the message coming back to me - forgive me, I do not know whether it was from Visit Wales or North Wales Tourism but the message coming back to me was we do not really have it and we might have to go down to Cardiff and plead for it. We have not gone down that path yet but I will keep trying, and if anybody can help me oil the wheels I would certainly be more than happy if it gives me some shortcuts as to how to make that change. We are all willing, that is the important thing, to make things happen.

Q1635 Mrs James: Just to add to that, as Mr Jones said North Wales Tourism is a private company which does an excellent job of promoting on behalf of local operators and things, but there are also the regional tourism partnerships which are funded by Visit Wales et cetera, and they have a much more localised brief. It might be helpful if you plugged into them as well, because that is their brief, to market on a regional basis.

Mr Pakey: I would be quite happy if Paul and I were to form an alliance with Bristol - if you want to keep East Midlands out, I will keep Manchester out. I am just joking.

Q1636 Chairman: Given the service that you provide at both airports for the Welsh people have you ever thought about seeking a meeting with either the Secretary of State for Wales or the Welsh Assembly Government?

Mr Kehoe: I have not, not yet, but having said that we have just started this process that I mentioned to Mrs James a short while ago in terms of meeting with the cross-border agency through the local RDA and that will be the start of it, but we have not approached the Welsh Assembly at all. I have to say again, going back in history when the Assembly was first created and the First Minister was appointed, there was a lot of support for Cardiff Airport. I do not know whether that is still the case now, but certainly there was a lot of focus on Cardiff and in fact Cardiff was seen as a growing airport at the turn of the millennium and just after that. I have lost touch, I suppose, with my Cardiff roots from the turn of the century, but as I say there was a very good relationship then between the airports and the Assembly, less so with Birmingham because of the fact that we are down at the 100,000 level of passengers. If it was a bigger number - and long may it be a bigger number - then we would certainly get a greater dialogue.

Mr Pakey: From a Liverpool perspective, if I may, we had meetings in Cardiff about three years ago with the Transport Policy Department and the previous minister; they were very friendly, very cordial. Maybe with a small management team we have not really followed it up the way we could have followed up, but with that focus we can try again.

Chairman: Thank you very much, all of you, for your evidence today and for your earlier memoranda. If you feel that there are points which maybe have not been covered today we would be very pleased to receive a further memorandum. We are particularly grateful for the efforts you have made to come to give evidence to us. We have found the exercise most instructive and it will certainly inform our final report on transport. Thank you very much.