Memorandum from Northern Rock
INTRODUCTION
1. Northern Rock welcomes the opportunity
to inform the Committee of the key steps it has taken, since being
taken into temporary public ownership on 22 February 2008, to
rebuild the business. Since the events leading to the requirement
to take the Company into temporary public ownership have already
been extensively reviewed by the Committee, the focus of this
submission will be on the current and future activities of the
bank.
2. The material included in Appendix A and
Appendix B has already been published on Northern Rock's website.
It is re-presented in this memo, together with certain supplemental
information, to assist the Committee and form a foundation for
the oral evidence session scheduled with Northern Rock for 20
May 2008, by providing an outline of the future governance structures
of the Company, and its approach to accountability and transparency
whilst in temporary public ownership.
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
3. Northern Rock, whilst still in a consolidation
and review stage, is planning for its future as a financially
viable mortgage and savings bank that can be returned, in due
course, to the private sector. The publication of the Accounts
for 2007 (available on Northern Rock's website) concludes our
financial analysis of the past.
4. The Tripartite Authorities have set out
their objectives for Northern Rock during the period of temporary
public ownership: to protect taxpayers, to promote financial stability
and to protect consumers.
5. Key building blocks to deliver these
objectives have already been put in place with the agreement of
the Tripartite Authorities, which includes HM Treasury (the Shareholder).
The principal elements of these building blocks are:
A Provisional Restructuring Plan.
A Competitive Framework.
A Shareholder Relationship Framework.
6. The Provisional Restructuring Plan (the
Plan) provides details of Northern Rock's strategic priorities
and the actions the Company proposes to deliver these. The Plan's
strategic priorities include:
repayment of the Bank of England
facilities, principally by contracting the business to become
smaller and more sustainable;
resizing the organisation; and
building a standalone capital and
funding position
7. The Plan also recognises that Northern
Rock cannot take advantage of the support it receives from Government
to compete on a basis that is unfair or that introduces competitive
distortions into the markets in which it operates. The basis on
which the Company intends to operate will therefore be constrained
by adherence to a set of principles and commitments (the Competitive
Framework) while in receipt of State aid. These will be kept under
review and remain subject to the requirements of the European
Commission.
8. The Shareholder Relationship Framework
sets out the structure of how the day-to-day shareholder relationship
between the Company and HM Treasury (the Shareholder) will work
in practice.
9. This written submission gives added focus
to the issues of governance and accountability, under the following
headings:
Governance: How the formal
governance arrangements for Northern Rock operate.
Accountability: How Northern
Rock will be held to account for its performance against the objectives
set out for the period of temporary public ownership.
Transparency: How Northern
Rock's performance will be communicated to external stakeholders.
GOVERNANCE
10. While under temporary public ownership,
Northern Rock intends to continue working under the governance
arrangements similar to those for a listed UK public limited company,
with appropriate modifications as set out in the Shareholder Relationship
Framework. The principal oversight responsibility for Northern
Rock's activities and performance lies with the Board of Directors.
11. The Board composes the Executive Chairman
(Ron Sandler), Chief Financial Officer (Ann Godbehere), Deputy
Chairman and Senior Independent Director (Stephen Hester), Chief
Executive (Andy Kuipers) and five other non-executive Directors.
The Board composition has been substantially changed since August
2007. Of the current Board, only Andy Kuipers was serving in August
2007.
12. The Executive Chairman, Chief Financial
Officer and Chief Executive have executive responsibility for
delivery of the Plan that has been agreed by the Board and Shareholder
subject to employee consultations and EC State aid approval.
13. The Board meets at least monthly (with
the exception of August) to conduct its various duties, and has
designated four committees to perform specific governance roles:
Audit committeeChaired by
Simon Laffin.
Risk committeeChaired by Laurie
Adams.
Remuneration committeeChaired
by Stephen Hester.
Nominations committeeChaired
by Ron Sandler.
14. Northern Rock's risk strategy and policies
are being revised to meet the new Plan objectives and strengthen
the risk and control environment. In addition, monitoring and
reporting processes are being strengthened and will be aligned
to an enhanced risk function. The risk and control review, details
of which are set out in the Provisional Restructuring Plan Executive
Summary (Appendix A), is presently underway.
ACCOUNTABILITY
15. The Board of Northern Rock recognises
the high standards of accountability to which it is being held
in pursuance of the objectives of temporary public ownership set
out in paragraph 6 above, alongside the normal accountability
of a UK regulated bank and public limited company.
16. Northern Rock's primary accountability
is to achieve the objectives determined by the Tripartite Authorities,
and specified in the memorandum of association, namely: to protect
tax payers, promote financial stability and protect depositors.
While meeting these objectives Northern Rock must operate within
the requirements of Financial Services regulation and European
State aid legislation. The strategic priorities and related actions
set out in the Plan (Appendix A) are intended to achieve these
objectives.
17. Beyond the requirements of company law
and financial services regulation, Northern Rock's Board will
adhere to the principles outlined in the Shareholder Relationship
Framework (Appendix B), which requires a high level of accountability
to the Shareholder (HM Treasury).
18. The Shareholder Relationship Framework
establishes the basis for regular meetings and dialogue with the
Shareholder to review in-depth progress against the Plan and agree
any material changes to the Plan.
19. In addition, Northern Rock is subject
to the oversight of the Office of Fair Trading (OFT), for those
aspects of the business that are subject to the Consumer Credit
Act. The OFT has also committed to publish a report annually on
the competitive impact of Northern Rock under temporary public
ownership.
20. To address concerns that the Government's
involvement with Northern Rock could cause competitive distortions,
a self-imposed Competitive Framework has been developed. The Framework
balances principles and rules that govern how the Company competes,
and makes firm input- and output-based commitments to minimise
market distortions. The Competitive Framework is outlined in the
Provisional Restructuring Plan Executive Summary (Appendix A).
TRANSPARENCY
21. Northern Rock recognises the considerable
desire for transparency of its performance. The company will go
beyond the normal reporting requirements for a limited company
and those requirements it is obliged to meet, and will report
in a similar manner to a publicly listed company, with appropriate
modifications.
22. This will consist of several elements
of public disclosure and communication including:
Annual reports and accountscontaining
Chairman's statement, remuneration report, corporate governance
report, community and environmental report, Directors' report,
auditor's report, operating and financial review and annual financial
statements.
Interim report and accountscontaining
management commentary and interim financial accounts.
Quarterly trading statementscontaining
an update on Northern Rock's performance and outlook.
23. In addition, Northern Rock provides
significant disclosure to third party holders of debt, through
its SEC filings and other mechanisms. This includes disclosure
on the company's website of monthly investor reports related to
the Granite securitisation programme and Northern Rock's covered
bond programme, which provide current financial information, the
current position of the mortgage portfolio underlying the programmes
and any significant changes therein.
24. In these very challenging times for
the banking community, it is believed that the arrangements outlined
in these documents, facilitated by supporting plans and review
results, will give confidence to the Treasury Select Committee
that the public interest will be appropriately discharged while
Northern Rock is within temporary public ownership. It is further
believed that the ongoing support of the Treasury Select Committee
is important in assisting us deliver the overall objectives set
for us.
APPENDIX A
PROVISIONAL NORTHERN ROCK RESTRUCTURING PLAN:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
A. BACKGROUND
TO TEMPORARY
PUBLIC OWNERSHIP
AND THE
RESTRUCTURING PLAN
The core business of Northern Rock plc (the
"Bank") is secured residential mortgage lending.
During the first half of 2007, Northern Rock's
operational performance was in line with previously stated strategic
targets, with asset growth of 12.4% over the six months to 30
June 2007. However, financial performance was impacted by margin
pressure experienced in the first half of 2007, due in large part
to the prevailing interest rate environment as well as the Bank's
timing of transacting hedges for fixed rate mortgages. This resulted
in a downward revision to profit guidance in June 2007.
Northern Rock raised £12.1 billion in aggregate
in the first half of 2007 to support growth through the four funding
channels of wholesale funding, securitisation, covered bond issues
and retail deposits. The Bank also sold a tranche of commercial
secured loans in June 2007 with further tranches sold in the second
half of the year. These transactions provided additional funding
for secured residential lending amounting to £1.46 billion.
As at 30 June 2007 around 75% of Northern Rock's total funding
was sourced from the non-retail money markets with £53.8
billion of total non-retail funding balances of £80.5 billion,
ie two thirds, raised from securitisations and covered bonds.
Concerns about credit exposure in financial
markets began to surface in the summer of 2007 and credit spreads
(the cost of credit) increased. The announcement by a major US
investment bank of difficulties in one of its investment conduits
and subsequent similar announcements by other banks led to a serious
disruption in the medium term funding markets on 9 August 2007.
This quickly led to severe restrictions in the liquidity of the
short term wholesale markets. In the week commencing 10 September
2007 it was necessary to arrange a facility to provide liquidity
for Northern Rock in the event that medium term and securitisation
markets failed to reopen. This facility was provided by the Bank
of England at a premium rate of interest.
In the days that followed the grant of the Bank
of England facility, there were significant withdrawals by Northern
Rock's retail depositors reflecting customers' concerns as to
the security of their savings. The substantial amount of retail
deposits withdrawn following the grant of the loan facility, together
with the impact of maturing wholesale funding, contributed to
Northern Rock having to draw on the Bank of England facility.
On 17 September 2007, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer announced that, should it be necessary, arrangements
would be put in place to guarantee all existing deposits in Northern
Rock during the current instability in the financial markets,
which significantly slowed the level of customer withdrawals.
The guarantee arrangements were clarified and extended by HM Treasury
on 20 and 21 September, 9 October and 18 December 2007 to include
all unsecured retail products, all uncollaterised derivative transactions
and all obligations of the Company to make payments on the repurchase
of mortgages under the documentation for the Granite securitisation
programme. In order to minimise any unfair commercial advantage
to the company, Northern Rock has agreed to pay a fee to HM Treasury
for the guarantee arrangements. Consent was obtained from the
European Commission for the provision of support for the six months
from 17 September, in accordance with European law.
Following a strategic review with its advisers
Northern Rock, having consulted with the Tripartite Authorities
(HM Treasury, the Bank of England and Financial Services Authority)
acting in their respective capacities, explored a range of options
for the business; these included proposals put forward by both
management and third parties. On 17 February 2008, the Chancellor
of the Exchequer announced that this process had failed to reach
a solution that adequately safeguarded taxpayers' interests and
that the Government had decided to take Northern Rock into a period
of Temporary Public Ownership. A further submission to the European
Commission in relation to the longer term restructuring proposals
was made 17 March 2008 and the existing arrangements may be maintained
while this submission is considered.
The Tripartite Authorities have set out their
objectives for Northern Rock during the period of Temporary Public
Ownership: to protect taxpayers, to maintain wider financial stability
and to protect consumers. Northern Rock's Provisional Restructuring
Plan (the "Plan") has been developed to achieve these
objectives in a way that complies with State aid requirements.
It sets out the basis for the removal of financial support provided
by HM Treasury and the Bank of England through the creation of
a smaller, more focused and financially viable mortgage and savings
bank that will be returned in due course to the private sector.
Those elements of the Plan which are likely
to impact on Northern Rock's workforce remain subject to consultation
with representatives of Unite and other employee representatives
before any final decisions are taken.
B. NORTHERN ROCK'S
OBJECTIVES AND
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
Northern Rock's prime objectives are the repayment
of the Bank of England debt, the release of HM Treasury guarantee
arrangements and a successful return to the private sector.
The Bank will pursue four strategic priorities
in order to achieve these objectives by creating a smaller, more
financially viable mortgage and savings bank. These are to:
Repay the facilities provided
by the Bank of England, principally by contracting the business
to become smaller and more sustainablereducing the balance
sheet from around £107 billion in 2007 to about £50
billion by the end of 2011, and withdrawing from several non-core
businesses.
Align the organisation and operation
of Northern Rock under a new executive management team with
a proposed downsizing and reshaping of the organisation, while
supporting employees through this process.
Build a stand-alone funding and
capital position that will facilitate the earliest possible
release of the HM Treasury guarantee arrangements and a return
to the private sector, with retail deposits representing a greater
proportion of total funding (although at a lower absolute level
than before the 2007 crisis).
Strengthen the risk and control
environment throughout the Bank by means of improved risk
organisation, capabilities and processes.
The overall effect of the Plan, under a base
case scenario, would be an improvement in profit before tax from
a substantial loss in 2008 to break-even in 2011 followed by progressive
profit improvement. In 2008 the business is expected to be significantly
loss-making, as a consequence of both the anticipated one-off
restructuring costs, which are likely to be substantial, and higher
funding costs. In the years following this, and reflecting a lower
cost base, the Plan anticipates that Northern Rock will achieve
sustainable profitability and a financial structure sufficient
to obtain a stand-alone credit rating of at least A- and a return
to the private sector.
Section C provides details of Northern Rock's
strategic priorities and the actions the Bank proposes to deliver
these.
The Plan also recognises that Northern Rock
cannot take advantage of the support it receives from Government
during the period of Temporary Public Ownership to compete on
a basis that is unfair or that introduces competitive distortions
into the markets in which it operates. The basis on which the
Bank intends to compete over this period will therefore be constrained
by adherence to a set of self-imposed competitive restrictions.
These are set out in Section D.
C. ACHIEVING
NORTHERN ROCK'S
STRATEGIC PRIORITIES
The Plan, which has been developed on a six
year horizon, sets out the Board's present assessment of the actions
most likely to achieve Northern Rock's four strategic priorities.
As the market environment evolves, the management team and the
Board will periodically assess progress and adapt the Plan as
necessary, subject to the approval of HM Treasury under the governing
Shareholder Framework Document. Any adaptations to the Plan which
may impact on Northern Rock's workforce will be the subject of
consultation with representatives of Unite and other employee
representatives.
1. Repay facilities provided by the Bank
of England and contract to a smaller, sustainable business
Northern Rock's planned commercial strategy
has as its priority the repayment of the Bank of England debt
through the contraction of the balance sheet from £107 billion
in 2007 to around £50 billion by 2011. Under the Plan, repayment
will come primarily from accelerating the pace of consumer mortgage
repayment (redemptions) and proposed withdrawal from non-core
lending activities. In parallel, modest development of the Bank's
retail savings base will create a more balanced funding platform
for future growth.
Accelerate mortgage redemptions
In order to reduce the size of its balance sheet
to a sustainable level, Northern Rock will work to achieve a considerably
higher level of mortgage redemptions than has historically been
the Bank's practice. Management expects that, by ceasing the Bank's
proactive retention programme and encouraging and helping existing
customers to transfer their mortgages to other lenders shortly
after the customer's fixed or discounted period expires, redemption
levels of some 60% can be achieved.
The redemption programme will involve contacting
those customers with mortgage products approaching the end of
their fixed or discounted period and helping them find a new mortgage
product elsewhere. Customers will be directed back to a panel
of selected mortgage intermediaries who will assist them in finding
a new mortgage with another lender. The company will also explore
arrangements to provide mortgages directly to some customers on
behalf of other lenders. This would enable Northern Rock to improve
its service to customers and help achieve the desired level of
redemptions.
It is proposed that, generally, customers who
remain with Northern Rock once fixed or discounted periods come
to an end will move onto the standard variable rate. The redemption
programme will provide customers with sufficient notice of their
product maturity and new payment details, at all times observing
regulatory requirements to treat customers fairly.
Develop Northern Rock's savings
business
It is critical for the future viability of the
Bank to achieve a more balanced mix between retail and non-retail
sources of funding. In order to do this, Northern Rock plans to
rebuild its retail savings business, as other funding sources
contract, to create a sustainable mix. The Bank will achieve this
with gradual growth in its retail funding base from its present
market share of around 1.0%although it will remain substantially
below the Bank's pre-crisis level of 1.9% of UK retail deposits
stock. This approach aims to increase the proportion of retail
funding to around 50% of the Bank's total funding by 2012 (compared
to 15-20% in 2008).
Northern Rock will aim to recapture many of its
recently lost customers, develop a better mix of high value and
low balance depositors, and encourage a higher percentage of accounts
under £35,000. Northern Rock plans to offer a broad product
range and utilise all of its existing channels (postal, branch,
online and telephone) to attract savings. In particular, Northern
Rock's branch network has an important role to play in attracting,
servicing and retaining savings accounts. The Bank's branch network
will be maintained at its present size throughout the Plan period,
although, having regard to the requirement to moderate its competitive
impact, the network will not be extended.
The Irish and Guernsey savings businesses will
be retained, providing important funding diversity. Northern Rock's
share of the Irish market has always been small and will remain
below 0.8% until 2011.
Under the Plan, it is proposed that normal non-retail
funding activities will very gradually recommence from 2008 to
2012 as Northern Rock's financial profile improves, investor appetite
returns and available terms become more attractive.
Retain a reduced core lending
business
In order to facilitate its return to the private
sector as a mortgage and savings bank, Northern Rock plans to
retain a footprint in the new mortgage market averaging £5
billion per annum of gross new lending from 2008 to 2011 (compared
to a total of around £30 billion in 2007). New mortgage lending
will also assist the management of overall credit quality and
the maintenance of Northern Rock's financing programmes (such
as Granite) in a prudent manner.
Lending will be offered predominantly to high
credit quality customers with standard residential mortgage products.
The "Together" product (100%+ loan-to-value lending)
has been discontinued for new customers. Credit quality will be
managed with more selective credit quality standards and lower
loan-to-value ratios for all new business taken on.
New lending will be originated mostly through
intermediaries, maintaining this distribution channel and especially
Northern Rock's panel representation with key intermediary organisations.
The intermediary channel is strategically important to Northern
Rock: historically, it has represented approximately 90% of lending
volumes. The planned intermediary channel lending envisaged under
the Plan represents approximately 15% of Northern Rock's historic
volumes through this channel.
Re-establish the Northern Rock
brand and revitalise marketing
The "Northern Rock" branding will be
retained. Although retail customer confidence has eroded, recent
research on behalf of the Bank indicates continuing loyalty to
the brand (in particular in the north-east of England and among
IFAs). A continuing research programme will confirm the validity
of this strategy and assist the development of appropriate marketing
activity to support the Plan.
Discontinue non-core business
lines
Northern Rock has already announced the run-off
and closure of its Danish savings operations in 2008. In addition
the Bank will discontinue unsecured lending (2007: £4.0 billion
closing balances) and allow these loan books to run down over
the period of the Plan.
Subject to consultation with representatives
of Unite and other employee representatives over the coming weeks,
Northern Rock proposes to discontinue commercial lending (2007:
£1.3 billion closing balances including commercial buy-to-let)
and to allow this loan book to run down over the period to 2011.
Earlier sale or other options to liquidate these
portfolios will be considered alongside any proposals put forward
by Unite or the other employee representatives.
2. Reconfigure Northern Rock's organisation
and operations to reflect the new commercial strategy
In order to achieve its objectives, Northern
Rock's organisation and operations must change as follows:
Strengthen leadership and capabilities
The Plan envisages a major restructuring and
carries with it a significant number of financial and operational
risks. Its successful delivery, particularly in the context of
a challenging market environment, requires additional experience
and strengthened leadership of the Bank.
In addition, Northern Rock will strengthen its
risk management and controls and take additional steps to manage
risks entailed in the downsizing strategy.
The leadership of Northern Rock has been strengthened
with the appointment of two new executive Board members: Ron Sandler,
Executive Chairman, and Ann Godbehere, Chief Financial Officer.
Andy Kuipers has continued as Chief Executive Officer working
with the new Executive Chairman and Chief Financial Officer.
The Government, in consultation with Ron Sandler,
has appointed three new non-executive directors: Stephen Hester
(Deputy Chairman and Senior Independent Director), Chief Executive
of British Land and former COO of Abbey National plc; Philip Remnant,
chairman of the Shareholder Executive and a former banker; and
Tom Scholar, a senior HM Treasury civil servant. Several Board
directors have retired during the transition to Temporary Public
Ownership. Together these changes have significantly adjusted
the composition of the Board, bringing new leadership and additional
valuable experience and expertise.
Within Northern Rock, the executive team will
take steps to further strengthen the organisation's capabilities,
in particular in risk, internal audit, finance, treasury and human
resources.
Restructure the organisation and
reduce operating costs
Under the Plan, Northern Rock will become a more
focused and smaller business in order to facilitate a return to
the private sector as rapidly as possible. The achievement of
a viable and efficient business in the future will require a lower
cost base and reconfigured operations.
The Plan targets a reduction in underlying operating
costs of about 20%. It envisages about a one-third reduction in
staff levels over the next three years based on projected business
volumes with the majority of the reduction occurring in the first
year. The timing and nature of the proposed downsizing, including
any redundancy arrangements, will be subject to consultation with
representatives of Unite and other employee representatives.
Northern Rock is committed to open communication
with staff and to providing them with substantial support during
the restructuring. The Bank will continue to work closely with
Unite, One NorthEast and other agencies and stakeholders to minimise
the impact of the proposed downsizing on staff and local communities;
this includes providing outplacement services to help staff obtain
alternative employment in the region.
Review performance management
The Plan includes a proposed review of Northern
Rock's performance management practices and changes to incentive
programmes. A staff incentive scheme will be introduced linked
to achievement of the Tripartite Authorities' objectives under
Temporary Public Ownership.
3. Build a stand-alone funding and capital
position
Under the Plan, Northern Rock's financial strategy
will focus on rapid repayment of Bank of England funding and release
of HM Treasury's guarantee arrangements while developing a sustainable
stand-alone funding and capital position with appropriate controls
and risk management.
Repay the Bank of England debt
by 2010
The priority for Northern Rock's financial strategy
is the rapid repayment of the Bank of England's facilities. While
the timing will depend to a degree on developments in the UK housing
and mortgage markets, the Plan envisages that in the base case,
these facilities will be repaid before the end of 2010. A back-up
liquidity facility may remain for a longer period until sufficient
alternative liquidity arrangements are in place.
Complete the release of HM Treasury
guarantee arrangements by 2011
The intention of the Plan is that HM Treasury's
guarantee arrangements will be released as the Bank's financial
and strategic positions progressively improve. While release may
be achieved earlier, it is prudent, given regulatory capital requirements,
to expect that this will not be completed before the end of 2011.
Given the limited practical experience of the consequences of
releasing state guarantees of Bank deposits and wholesale liabilities,
the viability of the Plan's proposals for release of the guarantee
arrangements will be kept under review in the light of customer
feedback, market circumstances and the requirements of the FSA,
as regulator, for adequate capitalisation, liquidity and free
assets.
Establish a stand-alone funding
strategy with balanced retail/non-retail funding and managed contraction
of the "Granite" funding structure
The Bank aims to achieve a long-term credit rating
of at least A- on a stand-alone basis following repayment of the
Bank of England loan and release of guarantees. This will be based
on the achievement of a significantly improved financial profile:
a halving in balance sheet size; a greater proportion of retail
deposits (50% of funding); a return to profitability and the end
of support from HM Treasury and the Bank of England.
The Granite securitisation vehicle, a funding
arrangement created and operated by Northern Rock, has been an
important source of funding for Northern Rock at an attractive
overall cost. The modest amount of new mortgage lending will assist
the orderly operation of Granite over the Plan period. Substitution
of mortgages into Granite will be substantially reduced from 2009
onwards.
Ensure adequate capital is held
under all scenarios
The Plan anticipates that Northern Rock will
comply with FSA requirements regarding capital adequacy and liquidity
at all times.
4. Strengthen the risk and control environment
The Board and the management of Northern Rock
have commenced a substantial review and strengthening of risk
management and controls within the Bank both at the enterprise
and operational level across all major risk categories.
The risk and control review has commenced
with a broad scope.
The review addresses enterprise risk
management as well as an in-depth review of major business risk
categoriesmarket, credit, operational and regulatory.
The review will develop a programme
to strengthen Northern Rock's risk and control environment covering
governance, organisational issues, policies, processes and reporting.
The review commenced during March
2008 and is expected to move into implementation during June/July
2008 following Board and management approvals.
In addition, the Board and management have assessed
the sensitivity of the proposals in the Plan by stress-testing
it under different scenarios. They will take additional steps
to manage the execution risks involved in its implementation.
The stress-testing has included consideration
of key execution challenges to the Plan as well as the impact
of hypothetical market risks (for example, a mild downturn or
a severe recession).
Under all scenarios the Bank remains
compliant with the current FSA capital requirements set for the
Bank.
The Board is taking measures to manage
the risks to timely execution of the Plan while managing business
risks and ensuring regulatory compliance.
Regular stress-testing is planned
to be performed in the future.
The timing and method of releasing
the HM Treasury guarantees will always be subject to Northern
Rock's obligation to remain compliant with FSA capital requirements.
D. WORKING WITHIN
THE COMPETITIVE
FRAMEWORK
Northern Rock recognises the responsibilities
it has during State aid period and the need to avoid competitive
distortions in the markets in which it operates. With this in
mind, the Bank has committed itself to a "Competitive Framework"
to provide stakeholders and market participants with confidence
that it will not use its support from HM Treasury to compete on
an unfair basis during this period.
The Competitive Framework comprises a public
set of principles and specific commitments, capable of external
monitoring, which are designed to minimise risk of competitive
distortion while at the same time allowing the Bank the flexibility
it needs to compete tactically and respond to customer demand
and competitor activities as necessary. Northern Rock has developed
a monitoring regime to ensure adherence to the framework.
The principles of the framework provide that
while in receipt of State aid Northern Rock: (a) does not promote
the Bank's offering on the basis of Government guarantee arrangements;
(b) does not sustain a prolonged market leadership in any product
category; (c) maintains market shares at well below historic levels;
(d) seeks to achieve greater competitive differentiation through
service and innovation; (e) treats all customers fairly; (f) regularly
monitors and reviews adherence to the framework.
Specific commitments within the framework include
the provisions that Northern Rock will limit its share of retail
deposit balances to 1.5% in the UK and 0.8% in Ireland, and its
share of gross new mortgage origination to no more than 2.5%,
and accept constraints on its ability to compete among the top
3 rankings in major retail savings market categories. Details
of the Competitive Framework are contained in Appendix I.
E. KEY FIGURES
AND MILESTONES
UNDER THE
PLAN
| Balance Sheet |
2006 actuals | 2007 actuals
| 2009 plan | 2011 plan
|
| Total assets, before fair value adjustment, £bn
| 101 | 107 | 61
| 49 |
| Retail funding, £bn | 23
| 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Retail as percentage of all funding, % |
24 | 10 | 26 | 43
|
| Government funding, £bn |
| 27* | 1 |
|
| Securitised funding, £bn | 40
| 43 | 27 | 14 |
| | |
| |
| UK market share of stock, % | 2006 actual
| 2007 actual | 2009 plan
| 2011 plan |
| Mortage | 7.1 | 7.5
| 3.7 | 2.4 |
| Retail deposits | 1.8 | 0.8
| 1.0 | 1.2 |
| Debt repayment and guarantee targets
| Target date |
| 25% of facilities provided by Bank of England repaid
| 2008 |
| 75% of facilities provided by Bank of England repaid
| 2009 |
| Facilities provided by Bank of England full repaid
| 2010 |
| Release of all HMT guarantee arrangements, subject to FGSA requirements
| 2011 |
*Excludes open market repo arrangement
NORTHERN ROCK
COMPETITIVE FRAMEWORK
Overview
Northern Rock is determined to return to private ownership
as rapidly as possible, as a viable, competitive bank, requiring
no support from Government.
We are aware that during the period of temporary public ownership,
Government support could enable us to compete, or be seen to compete,
on an unfair basis.
We are determined to ensure that we will not take unfair
advantage of Government support during this interim period as
it is not in our long term interests to do so.
We are committing to this framework of principles and commitments
while in receipt of State aid. These will be kept under review
and remain subject to the requirements of the European Commission.
Our Principles
We will not promote our Government guarantee arrangements
in any market.
We will not sustain a prolonged presence as a
market leader in the marketplace or in any product category.
We will maintain market shares below historical
levels while in receipt of State aid.
We will strive to differentiate ourselves on the
basis of service and innovation.
We will at all times treat our customers fairly.
We will regularly review our competitive offering
and performance to ensure adherence to the framework.
Our Commitments
We will not explicitly refer to Government ownership
in marketing literature.
We will not allow our share of retail deposit
balances to exceed 1.5% in the UK and 0.8% in Ireland (well below
our historic levels of 1.9% in the UK and 1.3% in Ireland).
We will limit our share of gross new mortgage
origination to no more than 2.5% in any calendar year.
We will not rank within the top 3 in any one of
the defined 15 Moneyfacts retail deposit categories for the remainder
of 2008.
APPENDIX B
NORTHERN ROCK SHAREHOLDER RELATIONSHIP FRAMEWORK DOCUMENT
INTRODUCTION
1. This framework document (the "Framework Document"),
as drawn up by Northern Rock plc (the "Company") and
its shareholder, Her Majesty's Treasury (the "Shareholder"),
sets out the structure of how the day-to-day shareholder relationship
between the Company and the Shareholder will work in practice.
The Framework Document may be revised from time to time where
required by the Shareholder as circumstances change. The Framework
Document should be interpreted in the light of the Company's memorandum
and articles of association and English company law and is without
prejudice to the Shareholder's statutory and other rights and
obligations.
OVERALL AIM
2. Northern Rock and the Shareholder share the common
objective of having a working relationship which achieves the
objectives of Northern Rock and the Tripartite Authorities (comprising
the Shareholder, the Bank of England and the Financial Services
Authority) and in which:
the respective roles of Northern Rock and the
Shareholder are clearly defined;
Northern Rock and the Shareholder recognise and
respect those roles, and the demands placed upon each party to
fulfil them; and
dialogue and interactions are professional, efficient,
and based on trust.
The ongoing relationship between Northern Rock and the
Shareholder as shareholder, the Shareholder and the Bank of England
as providers of financial support and the FSA as regulator will
operate in light of the Tripartite Authorities' stated objectives:
(i) to protect taxpayers;
(ii) to promote financial stability; and
(iii) to protect consumers.
3. The Board is responsible for developing and recommending
its strategic and funding plan (the "Plan") to deliver
the objectives of the Tripartite Authorities referred to in the
paragraph above with the aim of public ownership being temporary.
GOVERNMENT AS
SHAREHOLDER
4. The basic relationship between Northern Rock and the
Shareholder operates according to the following principles under
which the Shareholder:
appoints the Chairman of the Board and appoints
two Non-Executive Directors in consultation with the Chairman;
must give its consent for the appointment of other
members of the Board proposed to be appointed by the Nominations
Committee and agrees the terms on which the Directors are appointed
and incentivised;
determines the high level objectives that the
Plan is designed to achieve and agrees the Plan with the Board;
must agree any subsequent updates to the Plan;
reviews with the Board from time to time the Company's
strategic options;
requires that the Board is accountable to it for
delivering the agreed Plan;
gives the Board the freedom to take the action
necessary to deliver the Plan;
monitors the Company's performance to satisfy
itself that the Plan is on track; and
must give its consent for certain significant
actions.
The following paragraphs show how these principles are to
be put into practice.
PRINCIPLES IN
PRACTICE
Board structure and governance
5. The Company will operate a corporate governance structure
that provides a framework for the relationship between the Board
and the Shareholder which, so far as practicable and in light
of the other provisions of this Framework Document or as otherwise
may be agreed with the Shareholder, takes appropriate account
of best practice for a company listed on the Official List, including
the Combined Code on Corporate Governance. The Board will constitute
the following committees:
Remuneration Committee.
Board appointments
6. The composition of the Board is a critical factor
for the Shareholder. The aim is to secure an environment in which
the Shareholder and the Chairman share a common view about Board
composition (including size, and balance of experience and background)
and succession. To achieve this, the following will take place:
the Chairman and either the Chancellor of the
Exchequer or a senior official nominated by the Chancellor of
the Exchequer (the "Nominated Official") will discuss
and confirm Board composition and succession initially, and regularly
thereafter, in the light of performance and the requirements of
the Plan;
two Non-Executive Directors nominated by the Shareholder
(the "Shareholder Directors") will be appointed to the
Board. The Company acknowledges that the Shareholder Directors
intend to liaise with and report to representatives of the Shareholder
from time to time in relation to the business of the Company and
decisions made or to be made by the Board in order to assist with
the exercise of their powers and duties as directors of the Company;
the Chairman will discuss with the Nominated Official
any impending changes to Board membership;
the Nominated Official will meet the Chair of
the Nomination Committee as necessary to discuss any proposed
Board changes before they become subject to the formal appointment/consent
procedure outlined in paragraph 4 above; and
the Board will ensure that suitably rigorous appraisals
are made of the effectiveness of the Chairman and Board.
Strategic Plan
7. The Plan will be updated as required and will be subject
to review by and the approval of the Shareholder. This process
will be achieved through effective dialogue between Shareholder
representatives (including the Nominated Official) and Company
representatives to enable any proposed changes in strategy to
be understood and agreed.
8. Shareholder representatives (including the Nominated
Official) and Company representatives will also meet from time
to time, as agreed, to review the strategic options available
to the Company.
Delivering the Planincentivisation
9. The Shareholder's approval will be required for remuneration
packages and any incentivisation arrangements for Directors. The
Shareholder's interest is primarily in ensuring that remuneration
levels are sufficient to attract and motivate high calibre individuals
to drive the delivery of the Plan and that incentives for Directors
are aligned with the stated objectives of the Tripartite Authorities.
10. The Shareholder requires any incentive arrangements
for Executive Directors to be tied closely to performance as measured
by the achievement of Plan objectives. The Shareholder is committed
to paying market rates for success. Conversely the Shareholder
does not condone rewards for failure, and would expect the Board
to support the removal of any Director responsible for a failure
to deliver the Plan, or for other serious failure.
11. The Remuneration Committee will recommend any proposals
for the Shareholder's consent based on performance made against
the Plan, and appropriate market benchmarks.
12. The Chair of the Remuneration Committee will discuss
proposals at an early stage with the Shareholder in order to input
the Shareholder's views into the process.
Delivering the Planthe Board's freedom to act
13. The Shareholder is committed to giving the Board
the freedom to act to deliver the agreed Plan. In that context,
and save as provided in this Framework Document, the Shareholder
will not interfere in day-to-day operational and commercial matters.
14. Subject to this Framework Document and the Company's
memorandum and articles of association, decisions on the day-to-day
running of the Company will rest with the Board in accordance
with the Directors' fiduciary responsibilities.
Monitoring Company performance
15. The Shareholder will regularly monitor the Company's
performance against the Plan by means of the following mechanisms:
regular shareholder meetings as the centrepiece
of the formal reporting relationship between the Company and the
Shareholder. These will be monthly at first, and their frequency
will be subject to review. The purpose of these meetings between
the Executive Directors of the Company and senior representatives
of the Shareholder (including the Nominated Official) is to provide
a forum to review performance to date against Plan objectives,
but each meeting is primarily intended to be weighted towards
being a forward-looking and risk-based analysis of Plan progress;
regular financial and business performance monitoring
to assist this process. These will be monthly at first, and their
frequency will be subject to review. The Shareholder expects to
be provided with prompt and accurate financial and business information
at the same level as the Board and which is transparent to ensure
that all key financial and business data pertinent to tracking
the achievement of the Plan and the Company's performance against
agreed objectives can be reviewed and monitored on a timely, regular
and appropriate basis;
the Company will promptly and without delay disclose
to the Shareholder any information that would have required public
disclosure if it were listed on the Official List or which otherwise
may have a significant bearing on the delivery of, or may have
a significant impact on the assumptions or objectives set out
in, the Plan;
in addition to the regular shareholder meetings,
meetings between Directors and representatives of the Shareholder
to discuss the affairs of the Company at the Shareholder's request;
in addition to the monitoring procedure described
above, the Shareholder will be entitled on reasonable notice to
such reasonable information in relation to the affairs of the
Company, including reasonable access to the Company's financial
models and personnel, as it may reasonably consider necessary
or desirable from time to time; and
notwithstanding the above, the Shareholder will
not have the right to any documents relevant to matters in issue
as against itself in any legal proceedings to which it is a party.
16. The Shareholder will have approval rights over:
any material acquisitions, disposals, investments,
realisations or other transactions;
transactions or matters that the Board can reasonably
foresee will exclude any strategic outcome contemplated by the
Plan; and
any other actions that may have a significant
bearing on the delivery of the Plan or prejudice the stated objectives
of the Tripartite Authorities.
17. These interactions between the Company and the Shareholder
need to be underpinned by resolve on both sides to conduct affairs
on the basis of a professional, efficient, trust-based dialogue:
professional: professional people engaged in dialogue
relevant to delivering the Tripartite Authorities' objectives,
with commitments delivered on time and to specification;
efficient: both parties ensuring a joined-up and
efficient approach amongst their constituent elements; and
trust-based: open dialogue, based on a shared
commitment to providing the Company with the ability to progress.
18. The Company will continue to have interactions with
other members of the Tripartite Authorities as and when necessary
and appropriate. The Shareholder will be responsible for co-ordinating
the Tripartite Authorities' actions in relation to the Company,
in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding between the
Tripartite Authorities. The Financial Services Authority as regulator
has statutory responsibilities to fulfil and these arrangements
are entirely without prejudice to those responsibilities.
Ensuring success
19. The success of the relationship depends in the end
on the nature and quality of the relationship between the Board
and the Shareholder. The overall responsibility for ensuring that
the intentions of this document are carried out in practice lies
ultimately with the Chairman and the Chancellor of the Exchequer.
The Chairman will maintain regular contact with the Nominated
Official. Below them, senior individuals within the Company and
the Shareholder will be nominated who will have the responsibility
to ensure that all contacts between the Company and the Shareholder
are conducted at the right level, with the right people, and in
the right spirit.
May 2008
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